Discussion on an Age-Related Pathology, Osteoporosis

e., increased fig out immersion occurs simultaneously with direct and indirect inhibition of fig out administration (Schacht, 1994).

According to Kleerekoper and Sullivan (1995), hormonal deficiencies accompanying ovarian failure be instru manpowertal in producing osteoporosis in most wo men. In different words, the major endeavor of osteoporosis in women is estrogen withdrawal, most commonly associated with the menopause; however, the authors do note that the condition screw cook in association with other causes of ovarian failure.

Androgen insufficiency in men, although much less common, can also get hold of to osteoporosis (Gabby, 1994). Niewoehner (1993) reports that men are most at risk for pelvic girdle fracture as they grow older because of age-related redness of bone in the femur. Men with low rosiness bone rush are more vulnerable than those who achieved a higher peak bone mass in early adulthood.

Vitamin deficiencies, concord to Passeri (1980), can also play a role in osteoporosis; this is because of their splendor in the metabolic processes of aging. Even slight vitamin deficiencies are verbalize to cause a speed-up of general organism deterioration. Passeri states that low levels of vitamin D can be particularly contributive to the disorder because they cause a worsening of bone tissue and consequent demineralization.

smokestack (1997) has discussed several risk factors associated with the development of osteoporosis. These include low atomic number 20 inta

Passeri, M. (1980). Preventive role of vitamins in some old age diseases. Acta Vitaminol. Enzymol., 2(5-6), 147-162.

Once osteoporosis begins (usually within the initial five years following menopause), it manifests as an accelerated loss of trabecular bone from the spine and distal radius (Type I osteoporosis). At that time, estrogen replacement is most effective for keep oning the quick trabecular bone loss that could otherwise result in vertebral or Colles' fractures (Breslau, 1994). During this early period of estrogen deprivation when excessive bone turnover is releasing large amounts of atomic number 20 into the circulation, supplemental calcium is ineffective.

However, progesterone, often given with estrogen to prevent endometrial carcinoma, may itself have a trophic form on bone.

Adachi (1996) reports that the goals of treatment for patients with osteoporosis are to maintain normal bone and to prevent the deterioration of normal bone to osteoporotic bone. The achievement of these goals, have with a successful approach to prevention of falls, may advantageously decrease the incidence and risk of fractures. Specific treatment approaches to osteoporosis, according to Adachi (1996), are diverse: (1) patient strategies (e.g., administration of calcium, exercise); (2) drug therapy to sex bone formation (e.g., fluoride, anabolic steroids), and (3) drugs to inhibit bone resorption (e.g., estrogen replacement therapy, calcitonin, bisphosphonates).

Deal, C. L. (1997). Osteoporosis: Prevention, diagnosis, and management. American Journal of Medicine, 102(1), 35S-39S.

The treatment of men with osteoporosis, according to Niewoehner (1993), should include screening procedures designed to measure gonadal function (if unknown), nutritional status, calcium homeostasis, and thyroid function. As to treatment, Niewoehner reports that hypogonadal men should respond to testosterone replacement therapy, while men with high-turnover osteoporosis sh
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